[iwar] [fc:FACTBOX-U.S..COALITION.-.WHO.IS.FOR?.WHO.IS.AGAINST?]

From: Fred Cohen (fc@all.net)
Date: 2001-09-18 15:04:00
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From: Fred Cohen <fc@all.net>
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FACTBOX-U.S. COALITION - WHO IS FOR? WHO IS AGAINST?


    LONDON, Sept 18, (Reuters)      *****
 - President George W. Bush is trying to rally
a global coalition for military retaliation for attacks against the United
States.

U.S. officials have pointed to an Arab connection to the attacks, adding that a
coalition should include Muslim states. Retaliation is likely to focus on
Afghanistan, which hosts the prime suspect, Saudi-born militant Osama bin
Laden.

This is a summary of key responses so far:

STRONG OR SPECIFIC OFFERS OF SUPPORT

AUSTRALIA - Said 295 troops stationed in United States had been given
permission to deploy with U.S. forces if needed.

BELGIUM - Foreign Minister Louis Michel said he would send troops to help in
U.S. military retaliation.

BRITAIN - Closest U.S. ally. Prime Minister Tony Blair pledged to stand
"shoulder to shoulder" with Bush and has worked to bring less enthusiastic
European states on board.

CANADA - Foreign Minister John Manley said Canada would "unambiguously"
join U.S. military action.

INDIA - Offered to allow U.S. military forces to use its facilities if needed.
Has a big Muslim minority. Diplomats say Washington is unlikely to need
Indian bases.

ISRAEL - U.S. sources say Israel giving vital intelligence support on Islamist
militants. U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell said the U.S. sees no role for
Israel in any military response. Prime Minister Ariel Sharon refused to make
concessions to the Palestinians to help U.S. recruit Arab and Muslim nations
for its anti-terror alliance.

ITALY - Said it would join a military response and was ready to deploy
troops and aircraft if asked.

KUWAIT - Freed from Iraqi occupation by a U.S.-led coalition in 1991,
offered all possible help.

SPAIN - Offered its air bases for any retaliatory strikes; promised to act
"without any reservations."

QUALIFIED OR LIMITED SUPPORT

BANGLADESH - One of the most populous Muslim states, pledged support. On
Tuesday, U.S. embassy sources said they were awaiting a response from
caretaker government to a request for possible use of airspace and port
facilities. Bangladeshi officials said issue was too important to, decide
quickly.

FRANCE - President Jacques Chirac said France would be "totally
supportive," but Prime Minister Lionel Jospin said it was up to Paris to
decide how to help retaliate and Defence Minister Alain Richard warned
against provoking instability.

GERMANY - Defence Minister Rudolf Scharping suggested in vague terms on
Monday that Germany could participate in a military response. Foreign
Minister Joschka Fischer earlier expressed caution and recalled that
parliament has last word.

INDONESIA - Megawati Sukarnoputri, president of world's biggest Muslim
nation, offered unspecfied help. Other top officials have warned U.S. not to
make Islam a scapegoat.

JAPAN - Struggling to reconcile its post-World War Two constitutional
neutrality with loyalty to its key American ally. Criticised in 1991 for
supporting U.S.-led war to oust Iraq from Kuwait without committing even a
token force to the Gulf.

JORDAN - Said it would be at the forefront of countries ready to join a
coalition. Largest opposition party issued edict on Sunday banning any Muslim
participation in such a coalition.

NATO - Invoked mutual defence clause for first time in its history, opening
the way for a possible collective response. But individual members have
expressed reservations.

PAKISTAN - Afghanistan's western neighbour, previously backed Taliban
government. Offered full cooperation with U.S. and sent delegates to
Afghanistan to try to persuade Taliban to hand over bin Laden but yet to
decide on specific help. A Muslim nation. Fears Taliban attack or civil unrest
if it helps U.S.

PALESTINIAN TERRITORIES - President Yasser Arafat offered to place all his
capabilities at the service of the U.S. and urged Arab states to join a
coalition. On the defensive after some Palestinians were shown on television
welcoming the attacks.

RUSSIA - President Vladimir Putin has pledged support but urged thorough
investigation first. Defence officials have said Moscow will help with
intelligence, but military participation is unlikely. Security Council
secretary Vladimir Rushailo said on Tuesday it was too early to determine
whether ex-Soviet states could allow the use of bases and air space.

SAUDI ARABIA - King Fahd offered support and cooperation to its key ally
but stopped short of spelling out practical help on offer. Gulf source said
country ready to share intelligence.

SYRIA - Has expressed strong support but earlier this year failed to follow
through on commitment to United States.

TAJIKISTAN - Borders Afghanistan. Has offered unspecified help but says it
has not yet received a formal request.

TURKEY - Has said it is willing to support Washington. Not clear what role it
would be asked to play beyond intelligence gathering. Turkish air bases could
be used.

UNITED ARAB EMIRATES - Has said it was reviewing its ties with the Taliban
and would help in "any possible way." Also called for immediate NATO move
to fight terrorism and stressed that success of such a move would hinge on a
just solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

OTHER GULF ARAB STATES are likely to link support for any U.S. military
action to extent of U.S. pressure on Israel.

UZBEKISTAN - Borders Afghanistan. Said it is ready to discuss cooperation
but that it was too early to comment on possible use of its bases.

NEUTRALITY

IRAN - Iran condemned the attacks but said punishing its neighbour
Afghanistan might cause a human catastrophe. Canadian newspaper said
senior Iranian officials had asked Canada to tell Washington Iran would not
condemn targeted retaliation against those responsible.

SWEDEN - Foreign Minister Anna Lindh has said country does not want to join
NATO but is reviewing its neutrality.

UNITED NATIONS - Security Council has expressed "readiness to take all
necessary steps to respond to the terrorist attacks" but this falls far short
of formally authorising any military response which would require another
resolution.

OPPOSITION

CHINA - Has said it is ready to join the U.S. superpower in fighting
"terrorism" but warned that military intervention would only "aggravate
terrorism and violence."

EGYPT - Key U.S. ally in Middle East. President Hosni Mubarak said on
Monday it was too early to talk of an alliance against "terrorism" and the
United States should think twice before taking military action that would kill
civilians.

IRAQ - A possible target along with Afghanistan. Accused the United States
of terrorism itself and said the attacks were carried out by American
dissidents.

11:59 09-18-01

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